India is the land of diversity. Just like it cultural and lingual
diversities. India holds a rich heritage of various types of paintings.
Paintings have been an important part of Indian civilization for centuries. The
amazing fact is Indian artists have beautifully continued the practice of all
these kinds of paintings even today. At exhibit art,
we try to uphold these
rich Indian art form which are perfect examples of artistic expression through
simple yet distinct compositions to the mass.
In India, the indigenous painting form includes various kinds like
traditional, religious, nature and landscape etc.
Apart from the wildlife and natural genre of paintings, Indian paintingshave a huge collection of traditional and religious paintings. Another type of
painting is the historical genre. Painters and artists of different province
and kingdoms have painted various paintings reflecting the local culture and
practices. They often have an influence of the then rulers as well.
Over the
years these paintings have become important historical sources and artefacts.
These types of paintings include forms like Madhubani Painting, Miniature
Painting, Mughal Painting, Tanjore Painting, Kalighat painting, Rajput Painting
etc Other than these, there are Phad, Warli, Gond and Kalamkari paintings-
indigenous paintings that have survived years.
Miniature Paintings- this painting form has humans portrayed with large eyes, a pointed nose and a slim waist. The men in a turban are
its signature style.
Rajput paintings -this kind paintings on the other hand mainly depict
various stories of the Indian epics like Mahabharat and Ramayana. Occasional
use of even real gold and silver as colour gave them a sense of royalty and
grandeur.
Madhubani Paintings- Colour blocking and sharp with geometric prints and
patterns got were popular during the period of advent and development of the
Madhubani Paintings. Floral colours added to its aesthetics.
Kalighat paintings- the Kalighat paintings is the painting form developed
during the British rule. It had a strong reflection of protests by the Indians
against the British. Use of cheap paper, colour and excellent strokes with
squirrel brushes gave these paintings a bold outlook.
Mughal Painting- The Mughal school of paintings was a prominent
contributor to Indian painting styles, where hundreds of eminent painters from
all over the country developed this indigenous art form. These paintings mainly
have the Mughal styles and influences. The taste of the emperors was highly
reflected in this form of painting.
Tanjore Painting- this painting style developed mainly in the Tanjore or
Thanjavur regions of South India. These paintings denote their individuality in
its use of gold foil, giving the painting a surreal appearance. These paintings
have the influence of European styles to some extent.
Influence of religion on Indian painting styles
Religious paintings have been a part of Indian painters’ collection
for centuries as well. Ganesha paintings, Durga paintings, Krishna paintings,
Lakshmi paintings and Shiva paintings are popular even today. Be it Ganesh
Chaturthi, Navaratri, Diwali or any other festival they are highly looked for
during any festive occasion.
Ganesha paintings- they have been a favourite of all due to the
popularity and religious aspect of Lord Ganesha. Lord Ganesha is the god of
prosperity according to Hindu religion, is being widely worshipped. For this
reason, Ganesha paintings have always been a popular gifting choice for many
occasion.
Krishna paintings- the Krishna paintings along with the Pichwai paintings
tell us the stories of Lord Krishna and Radha. They have been popular for ages.
Folk art forms as paintings-
Several folk artists have
developed various individual painting styles based on their local culture and
practices. Some of the most popular among these are Phad, Gond, Warli and
Kalamkari.
Phad- this Rajasthani painting style is drawn mainly using a long canvas
about 30 feet of folk deities and their heroic deeds coloured with vegetable
colours.
Gond paintings- Gond paintings, hailing from Madhya Pradesh, on the other
hand, make use of small lines and dots for creating delicate details.
Warli- Developed in the Western ghat this folk painting style is one of
the most unique styles of indigenous painting where the use of geometric shapes
like circles and triangles are predominant. This style has its unique human
figure of a circle and two triangles. They are almost everywhere drawn in red
ochre or dark background, while the shapes are white in colour.
Kalamkari paintings- these paintings are free-flowing paintings drawn
mainly with a pen. They portray mainly flora and fauna.
Indian artists use various medium for their work. All the paintings are
done on canvas or paper using oil colours, water colours or even acrylic
paints.
Oil paintings, acrylic paintings and watercolour paintings have been
equally practised and praised India.
Abstract or the modern art has also emerged and developed itself in
India. The youth has chosen this genre of painting as their medium of protest
and demands in many cases for years.
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